地理与地理信息科学

农村金融资源配置效率是衡量农村金融体系运行质量与支农效能的重要标尺，亦是推进乡村全面振兴的关键锚点。本文在阐释农村金融资源配置效率理论内涵与驱动机制的基础上，通过构建评价指标体系，采用超效率EBM模型并结合GML指数进行效率测度，运用探索性空间数据分析、地理探测器、模糊集定性比较分析等方法，考察2011—2023年中国30个省域农村金融资源配置效率的时空演进特征、因子作用与组态路径。结果表明：(1)考察期内中国农村金融资源配置效率呈稳步攀升态势，其增长呈现纯技术进步“单核驱动”特征，技术效率的贡献相对有限；(2)省域间效率呈显著的空间正相关性，空间集聚特征明显，其中东北、西南地区以“高—高”型集聚为主，部分地区呈现“低—高”集聚特征；(3)人口密度、机构密度、数字金融等8个因子是农村金融资源配置效率的主要影响因子，且任意两个因子间均存在双因子增强或非线性增强的交互作用；(4)高、低农村金融资源配置效率并非单一因子独立作用的结果，因子间联动匹配形成3类5条高配置效率组态路径与3类4条低配置效率组态路径，数字金融缺失或市场竞争不足是引致低配置效率的共性因素。

The allocation efficiency of rural financial resources is an important measure for evaluating the operational quality and agricultural support effectiveness of the rural financial system,and also a key anchor for advancing comprehensive rural revitalization.On the basis of elaborating the theoretical connotation and driving mechanisms of rural financial resource allocation efficiency,this paper constructs an evaluation index system,applies the super-efficiency EBM model combined with the GML index to measure efficiency,and employs methods including exploratory spatial data analysis,geographical detector,and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics,factor effects,and configurational paths of provincial-level rural financial resource allocation efficiency in China from 2011 to 2023.The findings are as follows.(1) During the study period,China's rural financial resource allocation efficiency exhibited a steady upward trend,with its growth characterized by a " single-core driven" pattern of pure technological progress,while the contribution of technical efficiency remained relatively limited(2) A significant positive spatial correlation existed among provincial efficiencies,accompanied by pronounced spatial agglomeration.Specifically,the northeast and southwest regions were dominated by high-high agglomeration,whereas some regions displayed low-high agglomeration characteristics.(3) Eight factors,including population density,institution density,and digital finance,were identified as the main influencing factors of rural financial resource allocation efficiency.Moreover,any pairwise interaction between these factors exhibited either two-factor enhancement or nonlinear enhancement effects.(4) Neither high nor low rural financial resource allocation efficiency resulted from the independent effect of a single factor.Instead,the linkage and matching of factors generated 3 categories and 5 high-efficiency configurational paths as well as 3 categories and4 low-efficiency configurational paths.The lack of digital finance or insufficient market competition was a common factor leading to low allocation efficiency.