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综合、全面地分析COVID-19疫情前后中国居民城际出行网络的空间结构及其演变特征，对掌握重大安全事件影响、引导区域间交流合作、促进区域协调发展以及提升区域韧性等具有重要意义。该文采用2019—2023年每年3月逐日高德迁徙数据构建居民城际出行网络，从宏观、中观、微观尺度分析网络的时空格局、结构演变及组织模式，探讨疫情对中国居民城际出行网络结构的影响。结果表明：(1)宏观层面，COVID-19疫情影响下，中国居民城际出行规模下降趋势明显，但恢复速度较快。疫情结束后，周五出城、周日回城的周期性城际出行规律凸显。在COVID-19疫情暴发期及恢复期，居民城际出行网络在“震中”区域呈显著的“结构洞”空间分布格局，在与其紧密关联的“近邻”区域呈第二阶梯衰减特征。(2)中观层面，疫情暴发前后居民城际出行网络的空间组织结构相对稳定，仅局部区域变化明显。2019年居民城际出行网络的空间组织结构最松散，随后趋于紧凑。珠三角—中三角、川渝—黔滇2个城际出行网络空间集群片区在2021年后基本趋于稳定，而长三角—京津冀、西北片区变动频繁，尤其在COVID-19疫情暴发期。(3)微观层面，疫情冲击下，居民城际出行网络城市节点中心性的空间分布不均衡现象进一步加剧。2021年和2023年高优势度的城市数量呈逐渐增多之势，但主要位于“胡焕庸线—博台线”第一、二象限；第三、四象限城市节点的优势度在空间上虽具有相对均衡分布特征，但节点在网络中的地位竞争和更新并不明显。
Abstract：A comprehensive analysis of the spatial structure and evolution characteristics of residents′ intercity travel networks in China before and after the COVID-19 pandemic is highly significant in understanding the impact of major security incidents, guiding interregional exchanges and cooperation, promoting coordinated regional development, and enhancing regional resilience.In this paper, the residents′ intercity travel networks were constructed using the daily AutoNavi migration data from March of each year from 2019 to 2023.On this basis, the spatiotemporal pattern, structural evolution, and organizational pattern of the networks were analyzed visually using complex network and spatial analysis methods at macro, meso, and micro scales, respectively.Subsequently, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the intercity travel network structure of Chinese residents was examined.It is found as follows.(1) At the macroscopic level, the intercity travel scale of Chinese residents had witnessed a significant decline owing to the COVID-19 pandemic.However, its rate of recovery was encouraging.After the end of the pandemic, the periodic regularity of intercity travel departing on Fridays and returning on Sundays had become increasingly prominent.Furthermore, during the COVID-19 outbreak and recovery period, the residents′ intercity travel networks exhibited an evident spatial distribution pattern characterized by "structural holes" in the "epicenter" region and the secondstep decrease in the closely associated "near-neighbor" region.(2) At the mesolevel, the spatial organizational structure of the residents′ intercity travel networks in China remained relatively stable before and after the outbreak of COVID-19,with only local regions showing significant changes.In 2019,the spatial organization structure of the residents′ intercity travel networks was the loosest and gradually became more compact over time.The two spatial cluster zones of intercity travel networks in the Pearl River Delta-Central River Delta and Sichuan-Chongqing-Guizhou-Yunnan had essentially stabilized after 2021,whereas the Yangtze River Delta-Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Northwest zones had experienced frequent changes, particularly during the COVID-19 outbreak.(3) At the microscale, the spatial distribution imbalance of the centrality of urban nodes in the residents′ intercity travel networks had further intensified under the impact of the COVID-19.In 2021 and 2023,the urban nodes with high dominance were gradually increased, mainly concentrated in the first and second quadrants of the "Hu Line-Botai Line".Urban nodes in the third and fourth quadrants had a relatively balanced distribution in space.However, their competition and renewal in the networks were insignificant.
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基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:U491
引用信息:
[1]魏石梅,潘竟虎.COVID-19疫情前后中国居民城际出行网络空间结构及其演变特征[J].地理与地理信息科学,2025,41(01):69-79+89.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(42071216)