地理与地理信息科学

基于脆弱水印的完整性认证方法可以实现对高精地图数据的篡改检测和篡改定位。针对现有高精地图脆弱水印算法文件大小变化和篡改定位欠佳等问题，本文提出一种基于几何特征的OpenDRIVE高精地图脆弱水印算法。首先，利用分离水印位的数据文本经散列算法映射生成脆弱水印；然后，基于几何特征精度位性质，将水印嵌入道路要素中；最后，通过对含水印数据的脆弱水印进行验证。实验结果表明，该算法在不破坏原始数据精度和可视化效果的同时，能有效检出篡改并精确定位发生篡改的道路要素；相比同类算法，文件大小变化降为0字节，定位要素删除时，定位区域面积缩小为同类算法的3.08%～16.23%。

An integrity authentication method based on fragile watermarking enables tamper detection and tamper localization in high-definition map data.To address issues such as file size changes and poor tamper localization in existing fragile watermarking schemes for high-definition maps, this paper proposes an OpenDRIVE high-definition map fragile watermarking algorithm based on geometric feature.Firstly, fragile watermarks are generated by mapping the separated watermark digits of the data text using hashing algorithms.Then, based on the properties of accuracy threshold digit of geometric features, the watermark is embedded into the road elements.Finally, through verification of the fragile watermark embedded in the data, any tampering within high-definition map data can be detected and precisely located.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively detect tampering and accurately locate the tampered road elements without compromising the accuracy and visualization effect of the original data.Moreover, compared to the existing similar algorithms, the file size change is reduced to 0 bytes, and when positioning road elements are deleted, the positioning area is reduced to 3.08% to 16.23% of that of the existing similar algorithms.