地理与地理信息科学

快速城市化进程中地表热环境发生显著变化，对城市人居环境健康和可持续发展造成不利影响。该文基于2001—2022年4期Landsat遥感数据反演石家庄市地表温度，利用均值—标准差法提取城市热岛，分析比较石家庄全市和主城区周围地表热环境的时空演变差异，定量分析不同土地利用类型对城市热环境的贡献，并采用地理探测器探究高程、NDVI、NDBBI、MNDWI和土地利用对地表温度变化的影响差异。结果表明：(1)石家庄市热岛主要分布在东部城市建成区和西北部太行山前裸地，城区热岛以主城四区为核心向外扩展，山区热岛随山体绿化而减小。(2)2001—2022年石家庄市热岛发展主轴保持西北—东南方向，热岛重心向东南方向偏移24.84 km。全市热岛面积略微减少，热岛比例指数减小0.005,主城区周围热岛面积大幅增加，热岛比例指数增加0.096。(3)建设用地和裸地具有明显的升温效应，林地和水域具有明显的降温效应，耕地和草地在不同年份和研究范围内呈现不同的热贡献。(4)地理探测器分析表明土地利用类型、NDVI和NDBBI是影响地表温度变化的主控因子，NDBBI和高程对全市整体地表热环境的交互作用最强，NDBBI和土地利用对主城区周围热环境的交互作用最强。城市地表热环境时空分异特征及其影响因素研究可为有效缓解城市热岛效应及改善人居环境质量提供决策支持。

In the process of rapid urbanization, significant changes have occurred in the surface thermal environment, increasing the risk of heat related diseases and energy consumption, seriously affecting the health and sustainable development of urban living environment.Based on four periods of Landsat remote sensing data from 2001 to 2022,this study retrieved land surface temperature(LST) in Shijiazhuang City and employed the mean standard deviation method to extract the urban heat island.The spatiotemporal evolution differences of the surface thermal environment in the entire Shijiazhuang City and its main urban area were analyzed and compared from a global-local perspective.Quantitative analysis was conducted to evaluate the contributions of different types of land use to the thermal environment, and geodetector was used to explore the different effects of elevation, NDVI,NDBBI,MNDWI,and land use on land surface temperature changes.It is found as follows.(1) Urban heat islands in Shijiazhuang predominantly concentrated in eastern built-up areas and northwestern bare lands along the Taihang Mountain foothills.Urban heat islands expanded radially from the four core districts in main urban areas, while mountainous heat islands diminished with afforestation.(2) From 2001 to 2022,the main axis of urban heat island development in Shijiazhuang consistently persisted along the northwest-southeast orientation, with the centroid of the urban heat island shifting 24.84 km towards the southeastern part of the city, a region undergoing rapid urban development.The spatial extent of the urban heat island across the entire city exhibited a slight reduction, with a decrease of 0.005 in the heat island ratio index.The spatial extent of the urban heat island surrounding the main urban area exhibited a significant expansion, accompanied by an increase of 0.096 in the heat island ratio index.(3) Construction land and bare land demonstrated a significant warming effect, while forest land and water bodies demonstrated a significant cooling effect.Cultivated land and grassland exhibited different thermal contributions depending on the irrigation system and interannual variations in their relative areal coverage within the study region.(4) Geodetector analysis showed that land use, NDVI,and NDBBI were the main controlling factors affecting land surface temperature changes.The interaction between NDBBI and DEM exhibited the strongest synergistic effects on the urban thermal environment across the entire city, while the interaction between NDBBI and land use dominated the thermal environment surrounding the main urban area.This study provides scientific support for management strategies aimed at effectively mitigating the urban heat island effect and improving the quality of human settlements.