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陆表切割密度(Land Dissection Density, LDD)的空间格局与陆地表面土壤侵蚀息息相关，国内相关研究主要基于流域或局地尺度分析黄土高原和东北地区的陆表切割情况，全国尺度上陆表切割情况仍未知。该文基于ALOS World 3D-30 m DEM数据和全国二级流域数据，利用Geomorphons地形元素分类方法制成全国陆表切割密度分布图，并结合地貌区划分析各地貌区内不同等级切割密度的分布情况。结果显示：全国二级流域的陆表切割密度介于0～7 km/km2之间，强烈切割(3～<5 km/km2)流域面积约占国土面积的0.54%;切割密度与流域地形因素密切相关，缓斜坡(2°<～5°)、高丘陵和小起伏山地(100～400 m)以及低海拔(<1 000 m)地区是切割易发区；一级地貌大区间的切割密度空间格局差异显著，中度及以上切割(LDD≥2 km/km2)流域空间分布呈现出不同模式，体现了地貌区内外营力的共同作用；陆表切割易发生在受剥蚀外营力作用影响的二级地貌区，且不同等级切割密度在不同地貌类型上具有一定聚集性。研究结果可拓展现有陆表切割研究的空间尺度，为宏观层面的陆表切割现状和全国各地土壤侵蚀评估提供科学依据。
Abstract：Land dissection density(LDD) is a key parameter for quantifying the degree of land surface dissection by erosional processes.Comprehensive understanding the spatial pattern of the LDD is vital in soil erosion and other related domains.At present, most studies on LDD in China are at the watershed or local scales.The spatial patterns of LDD at the national scale in China remain to be ascertained.In this paper, Geomorphons method based on the ALOS World 3D-30 m DEM data is applied to investigate the LDD spatial patterns of second-level drainage basins in China, covering 6 first-grade geomorphological regions and 36 second-grade geomorphological regions.It is found as follows.(1) Land dissections are mainly developed in the central and eastern parts of China.The land dissection density of second-level drainage basins is between 0 and 7 km/km2, and with strong land dissection density(3～<5 km/km2) area accounts for around 0.54% of the whole national land.(2) The intensity of land dissection development is closely related to topographic factors, among which gentle slope(2°<～5°) areas, hilly and undulating mountain areas(100～400 m),and low elevation(<1 000 m) areas are prone to land dissection development.(3) The LDD spatial pattern varies significantly in different geomorphological regions, which is a result of the combined action of internal and external forces.Different levels of land dissection density have certain aggregation for different geomorphological types.This study aims to extend the spatial scale of existing research on land dissection, thereby providing a scientific foundation for macro-level assessment of dissection development and nationwide soil erosion evaluation.
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基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:P931
引用信息:
[1]孙晓琳,赵银军,彭培好等.基于Geomorphons方法的全国陆表切割密度空间格局研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2025,41(01):24-32.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目“广西北部湾南流江泥沙逆转的驱动力及对河道冲淤影响”(42161005);国家自然科学基金项目“西南喀斯特小流域水文过程及水文系统演化：综合牛顿水文与达尔文水文方法”(42167038); 广西科学研究与技术开发计划重点研发项目“基于卫星遥感影像的河流水库水质污染预警应用技术研究”(AB22080046)